Review

Insulin Sensitivity in Children Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

Caterina Geremia, Stefano Cianfarani

Keywords: SGA, gestational age, insulin sensitivity, type 2 diabetes, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance

Abstract

In the past decade, several epidemiological studies have shown a relationship between intrauterine growth retardation and insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Although the biological mechanisms underlying this association are still largely unknown, different explanatory hypotheses have been proposed. It seems likely that the various pathways may interact with each other, all contributing at different degrees to the development of the metabolic disturbances.

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