Original Data

Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Microalbuminuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Double Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Trial

Mahmoud Parham, Massoud Amini, Ashraf Aminorroaya, Esfandiar Heidarian

Manuscript submitted July 7, 2008; resubmitted July 21, 2008; accepted August 8, 2008.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes, microalbuminuria, oxidative stress, diabetic nephropathy, zinc, endothelial cell

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress can contribute to microvascular complications in diabetes. A decisive event associated with this condition may be the decrease in the synthesis of zinc-containing antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. This consideration led us to investigate the effect of zinc supplementation versus placebo on microalbuminuria in diabetic patients in a randomized double blind clinical trial. METHODS: Fifty diabetic patients with microalbuminuria were enrolled. Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, lipid profiles, plasma zinc levels and random urine for albumin and creatinine were measured. Patients randomly received 30 mg elemental zinc (group 1) or placebo (group 2) for 3 months. After a 4 week wash-out period, the groups were crossed over (i.e. the zinc group were given placebo, and the placebo group were given zinc) and the protocol was repeated. RESULTS: From an initial number of 50 selected patients (25 in each of two groups), 39 patients (21 in group 1 and 18 in group 2) completed the study. In group 1, after zinc supplementation, urinary albumin excretion decreased significantly from 86.5 ± 57 to 75 ± 71 mg/g (p = 0.01). After placebo, patients in group 1 showed no significant reduction in microalbuminuria (85 ± 72 mg/g to 83 ± 63 mg/g creatinine). In group 2, no change in albumin excretion was observed after placebo treatment (90.5 ± 63 mg/g to 90 ± 60 mg/g creatinine). After zinc supplementation, a significant reduction was observed in albumin excretion, from 90 ± 60 mg/g to 85 ± 57 mg/g creatinine (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: Zinc supplementation reduced albumin excretion in microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients. This outcome may be due to the antioxidant effect of zinc.

Fulltext: HTML , PDF (376KB)

This article has been cited by other articles:

	Metal-based anti-diabetic drugs: advances and challenges Levina A, Lay PA Dalton Trans 2011. In press
	Effect of zinc supplementation on markers of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation among prepubescent children with metabolic syndrome Kelishadi R, Hashemipour M, Adeli K, Tavakoli N, Movahedian-Attar A, Shapouri J, Poursafa P, Rouzbahani A Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010. 8(6):505-510
	Zinc and zinc transporter regulation in pancreatic islets and the potential role of zinc in islet transplantation Bosco MD, Mohanasundaram DM, Drogemuller CJ, Lang CJ, Zalewski PD, Coates PT Rev Diabet Stud 2010. 7(4):263-274
	Diabetes and vascular disease: basic concepts of nitric oxide physiology, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and therapeutic possibilities Capellini VK, Celotto AC, Baldo CF, Olivon VC, Viaro F, Rodrigues AJ, Evora PR Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2010. 8(4):526-544
	Zinc and redox signaling: perturbations associated with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus Foster M, Samman S Antioxid Redox Signal 2010. 13(10):1549-1573
	Zinc supplementation partially prevents renal pathological changes in diabetic rats Tang Y, Yang Q, Lu J, Zhang X, Suen D, Tan Y, Jin L, Xiao J, Xie R, Rane M, Li X, Cai L J Nutr Biochem 2010. 21(3):237-246
	Effect of zinc supplementation on insulin resistance and components of the metabolic syndrome in prepubertal obese children Hashemipour M, Kelishadi R, Shapouri J, Sarrafzadegan N, Amini M, Tavakoli N, Movahedian-Attar A, Mirmoghtadaee P, Poursafa P Hormones 2009. 8(4):279-285
	Effect of zinc supplementation on serum homocysteine in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria Heidarian E, Amini M, Parham M, Aminorroaya A Rev Diabet Stud 2009. 6(1):64-70